| Czech history | |
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This article is part of a series |
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| Samo's Realm | |
| Great Moravia | |
| Lands of the Bohemian Crown | |
| (Middle Ages) | |
| (1526–1648) | |
| (1648–1867) | |
| (1867–1918) | |
| Czechoslovakia (1918–1993) |
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| Czech Republic (1993–present) |
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Czech Republic Portal |
The history of the Czech lands includes the following periods:
• 888–894 also comprised Bohemia
• including Moravia, since 1197 the Margraviate of Moravia
• since 1291/1335 also with Silesia (duchies) and both Lusatias (margraviates)
• since 1526 under Habsburg rule (personal union with Austria and Hungary)
• 1620/27 lost independence, part of Habsburg Empire
• since 1804 part of Austrian Empire
• since 1867 part of Austria-Hungary
• since 1960 the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (ČSSR)
• since 1990 the Czechoslovak Federative Republic (ČSFR)
Early modern humans had settled in the region by the Paleolithic. The Předmostí archaeological site in Moravia is dated to between 24,000 and 27,000 years old.[1][2]
The Slavs (Czech tribes in Bohemia and Moravians in Moravia) arrived in the sixth century. According to historian Dušan Třeštík, the first Slavs came through Moravian Gate (Moravská brána) valley and in 530 moved into the eastern Bohemia and along rivers Labe and Vltava further into central Bohemia. Many historians support theory of further wave of Slavs coming from the south during the first half of the seventh century.
| Timeline | Origins pre-1918 |
The First Republic 1918–1938 |
World War II 1938–1945 |
1945–1948 | Coup d'état 1948–1989 |
Velvet Revolution 1989–1992 |
Dissolution 1993– |
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| Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia |
Crown lands of the Austrian Empire |
First Czechoslovak Republic (ČSR, 1918–1938) Full boundaries and government established by the 1920 constitution |
Sudetenland annexed by Nazi Germany (1938–1945) |
Third Czechoslovak Republic (ČSR, 1945–1948) |
Czechoslovak Republic (ČSR, 1948–1960) Declared a people's democracy (without a formal name change) under the Ninth-of-May Constitution following the 1948 coup |
Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (ČSSR, 1960–1989) |
Czech and Slovak Federal Republic (ČSFR, 1990–1992) |
Czech Republic Czechia (since 1993) |
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| Second Czechoslovak Republic (ČSR, 1938–1939) Including the autonomous regions of Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia |
Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (1939–1945) |
After the Prague Spring, consisted of: Czech Socialist Republic (ČSR, 1969–1992) Slovak Socialist Republic (SSR, 1969–1992) Socialist dropped from names in 1990 |
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| Slovakia | Territory of the Kingdom of Hungary |
Slovak Republic (1939–1945) |
Slovak Republic Slovakia (since 1993) |
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| Southern Slovakia and Carpatho-Ukraine Annexed by: Hungary (1939–1945) |
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| Carpathian Ruthenia | Zakarpattia Oblast of the Ukrainian SSR (1944/1946–1991) |
Zakarpattia Oblast of Ukraine (since 1991) |
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| see: Austria-Hungary | Czechoslovak government-in-exile | |||||||||
1 January 1993 meant "velvet divorce" of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Now a member of NATO (since 1999) and of the European Union (since 2004), the Czech Republic has moved toward integration in world markets, a development that poses both opportunities and risks.
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| Timeline | Origins pre-1918 |
The First Republic 1918–1938 |
World War II 1938–1945 |
1945–1948 | Coup d'état 1948–1989 |
Velvet Revolution 1989–1992 |
Dissolution 1993– |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia |
Crown lands of the Austrian Empire |
First Czechoslovak Republic (ČSR, 1918–1938) Full boundaries and government established by the 1920 constitution |
Sudetenland annexed by Nazi Germany (1938–1945) |
Third Czechoslovak Republic (ČSR, 1945–1948) |
Czechoslovak Republic (ČSR, 1948–1960) Declared a people's democracy (without a formal name change) under the Ninth-of-May Constitution following the 1948 coup |
Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (ČSSR, 1960–1989) |
Czech and Slovak Federal Republic (ČSFR, 1990–1992) |
Czech Republic Czechia (since 1993) |
||
| Second Czechoslovak Republic (ČSR, 1938–1939) Including the autonomous regions of Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia |
Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (1939–1945) |
After the Prague Spring, consisted of: Czech Socialist Republic (ČSR, 1969–1992) Slovak Socialist Republic (SSR, 1969–1992) Socialist dropped from names in 1990 |
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| Slovakia | Territory of the Kingdom of Hungary |
Slovak Republic (1939–1945) |
Slovak Republic Slovakia (since 1993) |
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| Southern Slovakia and Carpatho-Ukraine Annexed by: Hungary (1939–1945) |
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| Carpathian Ruthenia | Zakarpattia Oblast of the Ukrainian SSR (1944/1946–1991) |
Zakarpattia Oblast of Ukraine (since 1991) |
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| see: Austria-Hungary | Czechoslovak government-in-exile | |||||||||
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